FACTORS INFLUENCING POST-CIRCUMCISION WOUND HEALING
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of the penile gland and smegma smear, the expression of collagen and fibroblasts in the preputium, on post-circumcision wound healing. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Malang with samples obtained by purposive sampling on September 17, 2022. Inclusive criteria were uncircumcised males who agreed to be circumcised and had no contraindications to the procedure. Furthermore, the preputium obtained from the circumcision procedure was stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and counted under an optical microscope. Post-circumcision evaluation was carried out seven days after the procedure. The data were analyzed using the regression method; p denotes the probability value or significance level, while the b score denotes the degree of influence. Results: There were total of 31 research samples that had a significant difference in the average age between the samples with post-circumcision complaints (11.25 ± 2.75) and those without complaints (8.5 ± 2.73) (p=0.05). The regression test found that bacterial culture, fibroblasts, and collagen had significant effects of 24%, 25%, and 24%, respectively. Conclusions: Skin elasticity decreases with age, as marked by increased fibroblasts and decreased collagen density. Fibroblast factors, collagen, and bacterial culture are significant in wound healing. Keywords: Circumcision, collagen, fibroblast, wound healing.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
circumcision, collagen, fibroblast, wound healing
Satyagraha P, Daryanto B, Penta Seputra K. Sirkumsisi. Miswar. 2020.
Daryanto B, Seputra KP, Amorga R, Naim HY. Circumcision of Male Children in the Community Service Project: The Characteristics and Prospective Follow up Study. Cancer Sci Res. 2021; 4(2).
Shabanzadeh DM, Clausen S, Maigaard K, Fode M. Male Circumcision Complications – A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Urology. 2021; 152: 25–34.
Daryanto B, Firdaus MM, Nurhadi P. The relationship between phimosis, smegma, and preputial bacteria with inflammatory status of circumcised patient. J Pediatr Urol. 2020; 16: S12.
Dossanova A, Lozovoy V, Manekenova K, Lozovaya Y, Seidakhmetov M, Dossanov B, et al. Histological and morphological characteristics of the prepuce of penis skin structure in different age groups. J Pediatr Urol. 2018 Jun; 14(3): 280.e1-280.e6.
Diegelmann, Robert F. Wound healing: an overview of acute, fibrotic and delayed healing. Front Biosci. 2004; 9(1–3): 283.
Wong L-M, Cleeve LK, Milner AD, Pitman AG. Malignant Ureteral Obstruction: Outcomes After Intervention. Have Things Changed? J Urol. 2007; 178(1): 178–83.
Bermudez DM, Canning DA, Liechty KW. Age and pro-inflammatory cytokine production: Wound-healing implications for scar-formation and the timing of genital surgery in boys. J Pediatr Urol. 2011 Jun; 7(3): 324–31.
Monika P, Chandraprabha MN, Rangarajan A, Waiker PV, Chidambara Murthy KN. Challenges in Healing Wound: Role of Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Front Nutr. 2022; 8.
Li Y, Lei D, Swindell WR, Xia W, Weng S, Fu J, et al. Age-Associated Increase in Skin Fibroblast–Derived Prostaglandin E 2 Contributes to Reduced Collagen Levels in Elderly Human Skin. J Invest Dermatol. 2015; 135(9): 2181–8.
Perlmutter AE, Morabito R, Tarry WF. Impact of patient age on distal hypospadias repair: A surgical perspective. Urology. 2006; 68(3): 648–51.
Rowlatt U. Intrauterine wound healing in a 20 week human fetus. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol. 1979; 381(3): 353–61.
Guo S, DiPietro LA. Factors Affecting Wound Healing. J Dent Res. 2010 Mar 5; 89(3): 219–29.
Qin Z, Balimunkwe RM, Quan T. Age‐related reduction of dermal fibroblast size upregulates multiple matrix metalloproteinases as observed in aged human skin in vivo. Br J Dermatol. 2017 Nov; 177(5) :1337–48.
Hynes RO. The Extracellular Matrix: Not Just Pretty Fibrils. Science (80- ). 2009 Nov 27; 326(5957): 1216–9.
Di Lullo GA, Sweeney SM, Körkkö J, Ala-Kokko L, San Antonio JD. Mapping the Ligand-binding Sites and Disease-associated Mutations on the Most Abundant Protein in the Human, Type I Collagen. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb; 277(6): 4223–31.
Quan T, Fisher GJ. Role of Age-Associated Alterations of the Dermal Extracellular Matrix Microenvironment in Human Skin Aging: A Mini-Review. Gerontology. 2015; 61(5): 427–34.
Snodgrass W, Patterson K, Plaire Jc, Grady R, Mitchell Me. Histology of the Urethral Plate: Implications for Hypospadias Repair. J Urol. 2000 Sep; 988–90.
da Silva EA, de Marins RL, Rondon A, Damião R. Age-related structural changes of the urethral plate in hypospadias. J Pediatr Urol. 2013; 9(6): 1155–60.